Birding Tour in India
Duration: 27 Nights / 28 Days
Destinations: New Delhi - Jim Corbett National Park - Dhikala - New
Delhi - Jaipur - Ranthambore - Bharatpur - Agra - Chambal - Agra - Jhansi
- Orcha - Khajuraho - Bandhavgarh - Kanha - Jabalpur - New Delhi
Day 1: New Delhi
Arrive New Delhi at met by our representative at the airport and transferred
to the Hotel. Morning relax. Post Lunch start your city sight seeing withvisit
to the Old City of Delhi to see the historic Red Fort and the Jama Masjid, India's
largest mosque from the outside. See the colourful bazaar of Chandni Chowk and
take a cycle rickshaw ride through the back streets of Old Delhi to get a first
hand experience of the hustle and bustle of this traditional city. This ride
through the small by-lanes will be most fascinating.
Red fort
It was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. It took 10 years from 1638-48 &
about nine crores of rupees ( 90 million ) to complete it. It is made of red
stone which perhaps has imported it it's name. The fort house several historical
buildings done under the reputed architect Muramat Khan Some chief sights within
the fort are, Delhi Gate, Lahori Gate, Meena Bzaar, Justice Court, Hamaams Buraj,
Moti Masjid, Hayat Bux Garden, Sawan Bhadon, Zaffer Mahal, Sah Buraj & Museum
etc. Every evening light & music ( Son et Limmerie ) shows are exhibited
at Red Fort.
Jama Masjid
It's 1/2 km away from Red Fort. This too was built by Shah Jahan the Mughal
Emperor. The height of its minarets enables one to have a panoramic view of
the vastness of Delhi & its surroundings. Built up with red & black
stone this mosques so large tat more than 20,000 persons at a time, can say
their prayers in obeisance to almighty. It was built in 1650-56. Overnight in
Delhi hotel.
Day 2: Full day sight seeingof New Delhi.
India Gate
Located on the eastern end of Rajpath this memorial was built in memory of martyrs
of the 1st World War. Sir Lutyeus was the architect of this 42 meters high monument.
it's construction was begun in 1921 & took 10 years to complete it. A gun
& Helmet is displayed in the middle of this gate while a perpetually buringflame
keeps playing homage to the wars martyrs, and drive past Rashtrapathi Bhawan
- the residence of the President of India, which is flanked by the houses of
Parliament and the Government Secretariat buildings.
Humayun's Tomb
Privileged to be assigned as a World Heritage site by UNESCO,
this tomb was believed to be designed by Haji Begum, Humayun's Persian widow
in the mid 16th century, shortly after his death in 1556. The tomb was an important
predecessor of Mughal mausoleums. The 'Garden Tomb' as it is popularly called,
is set amidst a geometrically planned garden with a number of water channels
crisscrossing it. Typically, a Persian garden that would later be seen in the
Red Fort of Delhi and Taj Mahal of Agra, its architectural form and especially
its main chamber bears familiarity with the tomb of the Mongol Ilkhanid ruler
of Persia, Oljeytu, at Sultaniyya, which in turn was influenced by Timurid architecture
of the tomb of Timur (Tamerlane) in Samarkand, the lineage of Babur.
The first Indian building to use the Persian double dome, Humayun's tomb is
harmonious in its proportions and has some impressions of Indian architecture
that are clearly visible in the small kiosks or chhatris on the roof. The building
has beautiful inlaid tile work and intricately carved stone screens.
This is surrounded by a garden of Mughal days & several Mughal dignitaries
had also been buried here.
Qutab Minar
This tower is 73 meter tall. According to a school of thought it was built by
Prithvi Raj Chauhan who had it called ' Prithvi Laat ' , i.e. Prithvi Tower.
But in AD 1200 when Qutubuddin Aibak successed in establishing Muslim rule in
India the transformed Prithvi Tower into victory tower naming Qutab Minar after
his name. He had incorporated in it beautiful Afghan architecture. Its first
storeys are built with red-sand stone whie next 2 are built in marble.It's fist
section was launched by Qutubuddin Aibak & the remaining section was completed
after his death by his son-in-law & successor Sultan Altanush in AD 1236.
The radius of this tower at its ground level is 14.32 meteres which tapers to
2.75 metres at its top. Beautiful decorations are inscribed with in this tower
which surprise the on lookers.It iss situated 15 kms south of Delhi & is
visible from afar.
Lotus Temple Or Bahai Temple
Bahai faith represents the equality of mankind and oneness of its soul. The
same feeling has been successfully transcended into the beautifully and scientifically
degined Bahai Temple in Delhi, designed by Fariburz Sahba, an Iranian-born Canadian
architect, in shape of the lotus flower, symbol of purity throughout India and
predominantly celebrates the number nine, which not only represents the highest
digit but also unity in the Bahai faith. There are nine pools that have been
constructed on the elevated platform signifying the green leaves of the lotus
and also serves to cool the stark, elegant interiors of the structure. The delicate
and sleek architecture is built in two layers. The first layer consists of nine
white marble-covered petals pointing towards heaven, while the second layer
of nine petals serves to conceal the portals. When seen from a short distance,
it looks like a fabulous example of origami work. The interior, especially,
the Hall of Worship, conforms to that of all Bahai temples and is so silent
that even a low whisper echoes loudly in the structure. No religious icons are
housed here except the copies of the Holy Scriptures and wooden pews. The construction
of the temple was completed in 1986.
Raj Ghat
A pilgrimage to all the patriotic Indians, this place was where the Father of
The nation, Mahatama Gandhi, was cremated after his assassination in 1948. It
consists of a simple square platform with the words 'Hey Ram' written on it.
People come here and offer flowers at the place as a tribute to the great apostle
of peace buried here. There is a Gandhi Memorial Museum nearby, where once can
see and buy books and tapes containing the writings, speeches and memories of
Gandhiji. A short distance to the north of Raj Ghat is Shanti Vana where Jawaharlal
Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, his daugher Indira Gandhi, who herself
was a prominent figure in Indian politics and is till now the first and only
women Prime Minister of India and her two sons, Rajiv (also the beloved Prime
Minister) and Sanjay, were cremated.
Birla Mandir or Lakshmi Narayan Mandir:
The temple has been erected bearing Nagara style of architecture
intermingled with modern influences. The whole of the temple is festooned with
relief carvings that depict the scenes from Indian mythology. Remarkable in
its construction, 101 skilled pundits headed by Acharya Vishvanath Shastri were
imported from Benares (Varanasi) to carve the idols of the temple. The temple
has a number of artistic sculptures and its highest Shikhara stands 160 ft high
above the sanctum sanctorum aspiring to touch the blue skies above. The temple
is situated on a high platform and faces eastwards. The main chamber of the
temple is dedicated to Lord Narayan and His consort, Goddess Lakshmi. Other
smaller shrines in the temple are dedicated to Lord Shiva, Lord Ganesha, Lord
Hanuman, the Holy Vedas and also, Lord Buddha. The icons of the temple have
been brought from Jaipur and are made in marble. The temple premises have been
constructed in Kota stone brought here from Makarana, Agra, Kota and Jaisalmer.
There are a number of miniature rock temples too that look like toy temples
to children and attract them very much. An artificial landscape has been created
complete with mountains and gushing waterfalls adding to the scenic beauty of
the temple.
Overnight in Delhi hotel
Day 3-5 : After breakfast drive from New Delhi to Jim Corbett National
Park. 275kms, 6 hours drive.
Nestling in the foothills of the Himalayas, the Corbett National Park extends
over an area of
520.82sq.km.
Varied topography and vegetation gives Corbett National Park a rich diversity
in habitats and natural beauty. Flat valleys of Corbett National Park are interspersed
with hilly ridges and the Corbett National Park's rolling grasslands known as
the Chaurs provide visitors with an excellent view of its inhabitants.
The magnificent Ramganga River flows through the entire length of the Corbett
National Park and little forest streams tumble through the ravines. While dense
stands of sal cloak the higher ridges, mixed deciduous forests are found throughout
the Corbett National Park and over 110 varieties of trees, 51 species of shrubs
and over 33 kinds of bamboos and grasses are seen here.
We stay for two nights at this delightful location overlooking a fast flowing
stream where White-capped River Chats and Plumbeous Redstarts flit amongst the
boulders and Brown Dippers plunge in and out of the torrent. Wallcreepers not
infrequently explore the rocky shoreline here and the shaggy crested Himalayan
Pied Kingfisher is another regular visitor. The surrounding forests are rich
in birdlife and unlike the nearby National Park it is possible to explore these
on foot greatly increasing the list of potential bird species. Sensational birding
is assured with possibilities including; Crested Serpent Eagle, Rufous-thighed
Falconet, Plum-headed and Slaty-headed Parakeets, Brown Fish-Owl, Blue-bearded
Bee-Eater, Great Indian Hornbill, Bronzed Drongo, Barred Flycatcher-Shrike,
Rusty-cheeked Scimitar-Babbler, White-crested Laughing-Thrush, Yellow-bellied
Fantail- Flycatcher, Himalayan Rubythroat, Spotted Forktail, Yellow-cheeked
Tit, Velvet-fronted Nuthatch and Oriental White-Eye to name just a few. The
passage of a mixed species feeding flock will cause a few minutes of chaos as
the bushes rain birds and we are just as likely to encounter such a party in
the gardens of the hotel as in the forest. One of the great things about Kumaria
is that every outing seems to bring a new selection of birds and surprises occur
with each excursion. Even meal times are not safe from interruption as the restaurant
windows afford a good view of the gardens and many a meal has been temporarily
abandoned when a passing raptor or a new flycatcher attracts attention. Although
deemed to be safe for walking, one sometimes speculates whether Tigers will
respect the ill-defined boundary of the National Park and Leopards certainly
wander freely into Kumaria although they are always hard to observe.
During our stay, possibly on the day of arrival from New Delhi, we will spend
some time scanning the fast flowing waters of the River Kosi on the outskirts
of the busy market town of Ramnagar. This is a regular wintering site for Ibisbill
and we will be hoping to locate one of these unusual Himalayan waders although
they can never be guaranteed and even when present are remarkably difficult
to pick out among the similar coloured stones beside the river.
DAY 6 Corbett - Dhikala
Having skirted Corbett National Park for two days we transfer next to the Dhikala
complex in the heart of the National Park for 1 night. This is one of the most
tranquil places in Northern India, fifty kilometres from Ramnagar and over two
hours drive from the entrance to the Park along tracks that wind through impressive
forests and grasslands. At several places the road crosses over dry river courses
which become raging torrents during the summer monsoons making road access impossible.
During this period the reserve riding elephants are employed to fetch food and
essential supplies from Ramnagar. We will use some of these elephants to look
for Tigers and as the great beasts plod through the vegetation it is easy to
appreciate how even the monsoon floods fail to impede their progress. Corbett
boasts a large population of Tigers (the precise number open to debate) and
the breeding success has created problems for conservationists as displaced
young males are driven from adult territories and forced to seek prey in the
adjacent farmland. A lack of natural prey leads to attacks on cattle and villagers
with disasterous results for both victims and the Tigers. Incidents involving
aggressive Tigers caused the Park authorities to become very nervous about the
safety of foreign tourists and as a consequence we are likely to be escorted
at all times by an armed guard. Walking around is strictly prohibited except
at certain designated areas and it is within these that we can safely concentrate
our birdwatching efforts.
Dhikala is situated in an extremely beautiful part of the reserve overlooking
the broad Ramganga River. The complex of bungalows and huts is grouped around
a compound which also contains the homes of the reserve staff. Unfortunately
the tourist bungalows are in poor condition and badly in need of renovation.
The idyllic location has to be weighed against the dilapidated condition of
the buildings but on balance we think it worth staying for two nights and hope
you will agree with this judgement. The facilities are fairly basic but each
room has private w.c. and shower, albeit not always functioning very efficiently!
The food however is usually very good.
The ornithological advantages of the location will soon be apparent. The bushes
and trees around the compound are alive with birds early in morning and a walk
along the trails can produce a stream of exciting finds including wintering
thrushes, Himalayan Rubythroat, Smoky Warbler and a number of flycatcher species.
Inspection of the river might reveal Goosander, Black Stork, and the trio of
birds associated with Himalayan streams; Plumbeous Redstart, White-capped River-Chat
and Himalayan Pied Kingfisher. Further scans could locate Pallas's Fishing Eagles
or Ospreys perched on dead trees in the distance, or bizarre Great Stone Plovers
standing morosely on muddy islands. A superb Great Black-headed Gull might glide
in to settle on the bank, one of a small wintering flock on a nearby reservoir,
and other rarer waders and waterbirds are always possibilities. Forests cloak
the surrounding hills and at one or two of the spots where we can get down from
the coach to walk around we have the opportunity to see some of the woodland
inhabitants such as hornbills, woodpeckers and barbets. There are also large
expanses of open grassland in Corbett, particularly around Dhikala, where Black
Francolin flies up from underfoot and a variety of buntings may be identified.
Hen Harriers patrol these areas, often in company with other raptors, and at
night several species of owl take their toll of the small creatures living there.
Add to this mixture, a miscellany of babblers, flycatchers, bulbuls, sunbirds
and many other wonderful bird species and it is easy to understand why many
regard Corbett to be one of the best Indian reserves.
Herds of wild elephant inhabit the reserve and can sometimes be observed from
Dhikala browsing at the forest edge but surprisingly for such large animals
they are adept at disappearing into cover. Spotted Deer and Sambar are favourite
Tiger prey and both occur throughout Corbett with large herds of the former
congregating in the grasslands around Dhikala. The rarer Hog Deer can also be
seen here but the widespread little Muntjac is more often heard barking in the
forests than seen. Troupes of Grey Langur Monkeys and Rhesus Macaques are almost
as much a part of the Northern India landscape as the ubiquitous Palm Squirrels
but in Corbett they appear much more wary than their urban counterparts, a caution
engendered by the desire to avoid ending up as the evening meal of a big cat!
Other mammals might include Wild Boar, Yellow-throated Marten, Jackal and perhaps
a family party of Otters playing beside one of the streams. Big Mugger Crocodiles
are often on view around the shores of the reservoir and the endangered fish-eating
Gharial is another Corbett success story, a re-introduction scheme having raised
the population to a healthy level. They have no shortage of food as the rivers
are teeming with Mahseer, a large salmon-like fish much prized by anglers.
Day 7 Dhikala - New Delhi
After early breakfast drive to New Delhi. Overnight New Delhi. Visit Okhla Bird
sanctuary in the evening to see Flamingoes, and lot of water birds.
Day 8 : Drive New Delhi to Jaipur, 275kms, 5 hours drive, en route visit
Sultanpur Bird sanctuary (40kms from New Delhi)
On arrival check into the hotel . Overnight in Jaipur.
Envisioned and built by the great and mighty king, Sawai Raja Jai Singh, the
name of the city 'Jaipur' has twofold emphasis. 'Jai' means conquest and is
also the first name of its maker. Today, the city is a foremost tourist attraction
in India because of its superlative forts, grandiose palaces, vivacious temples,
multicolored bazaars, pulsating streets and its distinguished pink color to
which the city owes its oft-used name 'The Pink City'. This illustrious pink
color symbolizes 'welcome' and was embraced during the times of the ruler Ram
Singh II when he expected the Prince of Wales in 1876. The color was selected
after several experiments to cut down the severe glare from the reflection of
the glowing rays of the sun. Today, every home in the old city is obliged by
law to maintain this distinctiveness of the city. Throughout the old city you
can see the traditional, fabulous, pink-colored houses with latticed windows
lending charisma to a scene, which is almost miraculous at sunset
Day 9 : Full day city of Jaipur
Amer Palace
Raja Man Singh erected Amer Palace in 16th century. It is a mesmerizing amalgamation
of Hindu and Mughal architecture. Rajputs made use of this Amber Fort from the
16th century up to the foundation of Jaipur in 1727 both for defense reasons
as well as the residential reasons. Thus within its powerful walls, one finds
charismatic gardens and magnificent palaces made from marble and precious stones,
richly festooned with intricate stonemason works and paintings, which corresponded
to royal splendor and luxury.
Situated at Jaipur, the mirror image of Amber Fort in the lake below looks almost
divine. It is not at all surprising to know that this grandiose and stately
fort was once the Capital of Minas. Amer Fort accommodates Jai Mandir, a famous
temple which has Sheesh Mahal, a delightful hall of mirrors that are so artistically
set that even a tiny ray of light gets replicated in the mirrors and illumines
the hall flamboyantly. Sheesh Mahal is famed all over the world as one of the
most sought-after tourist attraction. Other places of interest in this fort
are Sukh Niwas and Ganesh Pole. A Elephant is booked to take you upto the Fort.
Jantar Mantar
Jantar Mantar of Jaipur, the 'Yantralaya' of Sawai Jai Singh II built on his
designs, is the largest of five astronomical observatories founded by him in
1716. The others are at Delhi, Ujjain, Mathura and Varanasi. It is a marvel
in itself with its huge masonry instruments of extraordinary precision that
can still be used quite efficiently.
The Jantar Mantar was visualized as a quest for ascertaining the mysteries of
the Cosmos. The Jantar Mantar found its name from the Sanskrit word 'yantra
mantra', which meant 'instruments and formulae'. Built not only to verify astronomical
observations but also to kindle interest in science of astronomy, which had
been entangled in theory, superstition and religious terminology, Jantar Mantar
was built on the basis of an observatory at Samarkand. The huge instruments
could determine the position of the equator, latitudes and longitudes on the
grounds of the rules of the astronomy. The main instruments stationed at Jaipur
are the Samrat Yantra, the Jaiprakash Yantra, Ram Yantra and the 'composite
instrument' that included a sundial and an enormous hemisphere on the northern
wall.
Government Central Museum
Conceived by Colonel Sir Swinton Jacob in 1876, Government Central museum or
Albert Hall Museum is the oldest museum of the state. Located in the Ramnivas
Gardens, it has Indo-Persian style of architecture. The museum has a wide range
of domestic metal objects, miniature paintings from the Bundi, Kishangarh, Kota,
Udaipur and Jaipur schools of painting, traditional ceremonial dress worn by
royal families and samples of wood block printing.
Shopping Attractions
Jaipur is well known all over the world for its gemstones master cutters, polishers
and gemstone dealers and also for its cut and polished emeralds. A world leader
in semi-precious stones and Kundan - Meena jewellery, one can can also find
good bargains for Lacquered Bangles, Hand Block Printed Textiles, glazed Blue
Pottery with its origin in Persia, Tie & dye Fabrics (Bandhani/Bandhej),
Stone Craft Marble and sandstone articles and traditional miniature paintings
in Jaipur
Hawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal is a multi-layered palace with a beehive structure built by Sawai
Pratap Singh (grand son of Sawai Jai Singh and son of Sawai Madho Singh) in
1799 and was designed by Mr. Lal Chand. The beautiful use of red and pink sand
stones outlined with delicate white borders and motifs are simply out of this
world. Overlooking one of Jaipur's main streets, it was originally constructed
for the women of the court so that they may pass their time by watching hustle-bustle
of the bazaar without being watched by people on the streets. The entire building
is shaped to resemble a crown adorning Lord Krishna's head. It offers splendid
views of the city, including the many old palaces and houses. Surprisingly,
there is a total lack of ornamentation in the interiors of the building and
chambers are stark and plain with a mass of pillars and passages that lead to
the top storey.
City Palace
Chandra Mahal, prevalently known as City Palace, is still the dwelling place
of the royal family, at least, in part, while Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II Museum
engages the ground floors and outer courtyards. The museum offers rare manuscripts,
Mughal and Rajasthani miniature paintings, Mughal carpets, royal costumes and
textiles and armory.
Jal Mahal
An 18th century pleasure palace, hovering over Mansagar Lake, Jal Mahal is noted
for its convoluted design and magnificent structural design. Situated across
the cenotaphs, there is a land bridge that leads one to the Jal Mahal Palace.
Over night in Jaipur
Day 10 Jaipur - Ranthambore, 180kms, 4 hours drive
Morning after breakfast drive to Ranthambore National Park. On arrival check
into hotel for two nights.
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve in the Indian state of Rajasthan comprises distinct
areas with varied conservation history and virtually separated geographically,
with mere narrow corridors linking them to the core, Ranthambore National Park.
These are mainly, the Ranthambore National Park, Keladevi Sanctuary and Sawai
Mansingh Sanctuary.
Ranthambore National Park: The Ranthambore National Park, at the junction of
the Aravallis and the Vindhyas, is a unique juxtaposition of natural and historical
richness, standing out conspicuously in a vast arid and denuded tract of eastern
Rajasthan, barely 14 km. from the town of Sawai Madhopur. It is spread over
a highly undulating topography, varying from gentle to steep slopes, from flat-topped
hills (Indala, Doodh-Bhat and Chiroli) of the Vindhyas to the conical hillocks
and sharp ridges of the Aravallis, from wide and flat valleys (Lahpur, Nalghati,
Khachida, Anantpur etc.) to narrow rocky gorges. An important geological feature,
the "Great Boundary fault" where the Vindhyas were brought against
the ancient Aravallis, passes from here.
Sawai Mansingh Sanctuary: The terrain is flat and rocky and
some hills with gentle slopes. The Devpura Irrigation Dam in the Sanctuary is
a useful source of water for wildlife and good habitat for aquatic flora and
fauna.
Keladevi Sanctuary: The Keladevi Sanctuary is the northern
extension of the Ranthambore Tiger Reserve in Karauli and Sawai Madhopur districts.
It has hills in its southern, northern and eastern parts. At many places, it
has the curious feature of two separate ridges running parallel to each other.
The forest between such ridges is dense. The Sanctuary is bounded to the west
by the river Banas and to the south by the river Chambal. The Banas finally
flows into the Chambal. Some gorges, due to high moisture retention and cooler
temperature, are nature's treasure houses. They are locally known as khoh. The
slopes of the khohs are covered with dense forest. These khohs are the most
suitable habitat for wildlife. The main khohs in Keladevi are Nibhera, Kudka,
Chiarmul, Ghanteshwar, Jail and Chidi. The forest cover is fairly sparse and
spread out in the other parts.
Conservation History
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve was among the first nine Tiger Reserves declared in
1973 at the launch of Project Tiger in India. It comprised the former Sawai
Madhopur Wildlife Sanctuary of 392.5 sq. km. Reserved Forest (constituted in
1955).
Ranthambore National Park with an area of 274.5 sq. km. was constituted from
within the Tiger Reserve in 1980. In the then Tiger Reserve, the National Park
area was being managed as the core and the rest as buffer until in 1992, Keladevi
Sanctuary having an area of 674 sq. km. of Protected Forest (constituted in
1983), Sawai Mansingh Sanctuary with an area of 127 sq. km. (constituted in
1984), Kualji Close Area of 7.58 sq. km. and some other forest areas were added
to the Reserve.
Archaeological Richness: Ranthambore fort and temples of medieval period.
Forest Types: Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests -5B
Main Flora: Dhok Anogeissus pendula mixed with khair Acacia catechu, raunj,
goya, chhela, pipal Ficus religiousa, vad, amaltas Cassia fistula, gurjan, siris
saintha, gular, tendu.
Main Fauna: Mammals: Tiger, leopard, caracal, ratel, jungle cat, chital, sambar,
nilgai, chinkara, sloth bear, wild boar, jackal, hyaena, common langur, common
fox.
Birds: 250 species of birds, some commonly seen are; Bonnelli's
Eagle, Sandgrouse, Pheasant tailed Jacana, Quail, Paradise Fly catcher etc.
Day 13 Ranthambore - Bharatpur
After breakfast drive to Bharatpur Bird sanctuary Known as keoladeo National
Park
On arrival check into hotel for three night .
Bharatpur is a paradise for the avian world, and the pilgrimage for the bird
lovers, it was known as the best duck shooting reserve in the British empire.
But was declared a reserve for birds in 1956 and later upgraded to National
Park. UNESCO has listed it as a world heritage site. The geographical location
is ideal as it is on the main North-South avian route of India. Although small
in size, 29 sq km. Only, it boasts to house more than 375 species of beautiful
birds, and more than 132 of them breed inside the Keoladeo Ghana National Park
and nearly every year new ones are added to the list.
The sanctuary not only attracts birds from India but also from places like Europe,
Siberia, China and Tibet Before monsoons resident birds activity starts on the
babool and kadam trees of the park. Water coming through the Ajan Bandh starts
filling the various ponds and lakes of the Park.
When assured of enough food, hundreds of large, medium and little cormorant,
darter, purple and grey heron, various species of egret, painted, open-billed,
white necked and black necket stork, white ibis, spoonbill, night heron and
other birds get busy in courting and mating. The trees are overflooded with
nest, one can observe a tree housing nests upto fifties and sixties in number
belongign to different species of birds looking after theri loving young onces.
The nests on the trees look like pearl necklaces. Gracious Saras cranes, the
tallest flight birds nest in exposed and open area, both partners share the
duty of hatching, while changing incubating duties, they come together, raise
their neck and give out shrill trumpetic calls in unison and at the same time
fan their feathers.
The newly born chicks are only 10cm. in size but grows upto one metre in height
within a year. As the monsoons arrive birds from every part of the country start
pouring into the park. Migratory water-fowls, including the pride of Keoladeo
Siberian Cranes form the indispensable part of Park. The water-fowls visit the
park in millions during the month of October. Rosy starling marks the beginning
of the arrival of migratory birds. The most noticeable water-fowl coming to
the park are barheaded and greyleg geese.
The ducks spotted here are pintail, common teal, ruddy shelduck, mallard, widgeon,
shoveler, commong shelduck, red crested pochard, gadwall etc. predatory birds
like imperial eagle, steppe and tawny eagee, spotted eagle, marsh harrier and
laggar falcon are attracted towards the park completing the avian food chain
of the ecosystem. Some of them like short toed eagle, lesser spotted eagle and
shikra are the residents of Park.
About 11 sq km Area of the park is covered with water the remaining portion
is rich with Kingfisher, Red Vented and white cheeked Bulbuls, Babblers, Quails,
Partridges,Sunbirds, Sparrows, Parakeets and orioles which live in bushes and
burrows. The year round activity of the winged beauties has made the park a
pilgrimage for bird lovers and an ornithologists delight. The animal populace
also show their presence although they are thoroughly dominated by feathers,
wings and beaks. The animals include the Black Buck, Sambhar - the largest Indian
Antelope, Spotted deer, and Nilgais.
Pythons can also be observed at some places bask in the sun. Vehicles are only
permitted upto Shanti Kutir inside the park. The Electra Van of forest department
can be engaged in the sanctuary, although the best way to explore the park is
on foot or bicycles which are available on hire. Cycle rickshaws can also be
hired.
Day 16 Agra
Morning : Visit the Bharatpur Keoladeo Ghana Bird Sanctuary by cycle rickshaws
(the rickshaw drivers are all very capable naturalists).
After breakfast drive to Agra enroute visiting Fatehpur Sikri (12 kms)
Fatehpur Sikri - This exquisite city built by Akbar the Great
in 1569, in red sandstone, with its forts, palaces and mosques was abandoned
14 years after its creation due to political reasons. The Diwan-i-am - a vast
courtyard in which the emperor gave daily public audience; Diwan-i-khas - a
large quadrangle which contained all the major functions of the Palace, Pachisi
court, the Emperors private living quarter, Jodha Bhai - s Palace, Mariam - s
Palace, Birbal - s Palace, Hawa Mahal and Panch Mahal are some of the important
buildings of this residential complex. The Friday Mosque and the exquisite tomb
of Sheik Salim Chisti are in the religious grounds set aside in a separate enclosure
adjacent to the secular buildings.
Continue drive to Agra after visiting Fatehpur Sikri (49 kms). Check into Hotel.
Agra had been the chosen city of Mughals for years as it was close to Delhi.
However, the history of Agra is much more older than the times of Mughals. The
great Hindu epic 'Mahabharat' refers to 'Agraban' as an integral part of the
Brij Bhumi or the land of Lord Krishna. It is claimed that this was the region
of Agra, covered by forests then. However, the city is said to be founded in
1475 during the reign of Raja Badal Singh. Mughal monarchs transformed the land
into one of the great centres of art, culture, learning and commerce. Massive
monuments, majestic buildings and still flourishing arts and crafts including
leatherwork and pietra dura marble-inlay work along with delicious Mughal cuisine
have now become an inseparable part or more, the identity of the city
Taj Mahal
The source of the name 'Taj Mahal' is not very clear but scholars believe that
it originated from the abbreviation of the empress' name, Mumtaz Mahal and translated
to 'Crown Palace'. As the small details integrate together, one is awed by the
costliness and large quantities and finery of the materials used, which ranges
from marble to precious gemstones. The first illustration that might come to
one's mind at a remark about Taj Mahal is that of a central domed building but
the true appreciation comes only when one sees it as the manifestation of one
man's unfathomable and unshakable desire for the woman he loved - the woman
who proved her loyalty and everlasting friendship to him till her last breath,
a woman of great physical and inner beauty and a woman of substance and strength.
It took twenty-two years, thirty-two million rupees and hard toil of more than
twenty thousand workers to construct Taj Mahal. Completed in 1648, the documents
regarding construction of Taj cite the name of Ustad Isa, a very famous architect,
well versed in the Islamic architecture, as its chief architect. The documents
also list the names of persons employed for this grand work and and the inventory
of the construction materials and from where they were brought. From this source,
we have learnt that expert craftsmen from Delhi, Kannauj, Lahore, and Multan
contributed to the task along with the specialized tasks being handled by the
renowned Muslim craftsmen that came here from Baghdad, Shiraz and Bukhara.
Itmad-ud-daulah
Sometimes known as 'Baby Taj', this mausoleum is considered as the imminent
precursor of the Taj Mahal as far as elaborate carvings and inlay work are concerned.
Itmad-ud daulah, stands across the River Yamuna from the Taj Mahal. Belonging
to the age of Jahangir, it contains cenotaphs of Mirza Ghiyas and Asmat Begum,
parents of the powerful Mughal Empress Nurjahan, queen of Jahangir. Jahangir
made him his prime minister with the title Itmad-ud-daulah (Pillar of the State).
The tomb was built in the famed Char Bagh style that Itmad-ud-Daulah had himself
laid out six years before his death 1622. The monument is beautifully conceived
in the white marble with mosaic and lattice.
The tomb is not a very large structure as Taj Mahal with a height of only 21
m and a dome-roofed octagonal minaret of 12 m each at each corner. It is the
inlay work or pietra dura on the walls of mausoleum that makes it extremely
attractive. Marble screens of geometric latticework permit soft lighting of
the inner chamber. On the engraved walls of the chamber is the recurring theme
of a wine flask with snakes as handles.
Agra Fort
On the shores of River Yamuna, to the northwest of the Taj Mahal, Emperor
Akbar started a majestic fort, which gained Jehangir and Shah Jahan as its future
benefactors who added rose-red sandstone and marble buildings to it respectively.
Within 2.5- km-long and 20 feet high fortified walls, the premises of the fort
houses many visionary palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal,
audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas; and two very beautiful mosques.
The massive gateway of Amar Singh gate towards the south is the entry point
of the fort. The myriad buildings and structures inside the fort give an impression
of a city within the city. The marble pearl mosque inside the fort is one of
the most beautiful mosques in India, while the two gardens within the pavilions
are small but well kept.
Sikandra
10 km from the city centre of Agra, the construction of the mausoleum of
Akbar was started by Akbar himself. It is a perfect amalgamation of Hindu, Christian,
Islamic, Buddhist, Jain architectural styles. His son Jehangir completed it
and also did many modifications in the original plan of the building. Named
after Sikander Lodhi, the tomb has three-storey-minarets on its four corners.
These minarets are built in red sandstone with stunning inlay work of marble.
There are a number of 'langurs' wandering about in the place as it is surrounded
by a beautiful garden. In its premises lies the Baradi palace in the gardens
built by Sikander Lodhi. A broad paved causeway leading to the tomb has five
storeys and is in the shape of a truncated pyramid. The main tomb has a unique
square design which is unparalleled by all other Mughal buildings
Overnight in Agra
Day 17 Agra - Chambal -Agra
Early morning drive to Chambal about 80 km. National Chambal Sanctuary on the
River Chambal is a refuge for the rare and endangered Gharial ( Gavialis gangeticus)
and White Water River Dolphin ( Platanista gangetica). The 400 km stretch of
crystal clear water also supports Marsh Crocodiles, Smooth Coated Otters, 6
species of Terrapins/Turtles plus 250 species of birds. The Chambal river originates
in Kota, Rajasthan and merges with the Yamuna at Bhareh. The river passes through
sandy ravines which are famous for its dreaded dacoits. The river can be approached
for birding near the town of Bah, Uttar Pradesh where Chambal Safari Lodge provides
lunch and has boating arrangements
A good population of Indian Skimmers is the strongest birding attraction here.
This endangered species is easily seen near Bah and is one of the few remaining
places where you can get close views of this beautiful bird. Black-bellied Terns,
Red-crested and Ferruginous Pochards, Bar-headed Goose, Sarus Crane, Great Thick-knee,
Indian Courser, Pallas's Fish Eagle, Pallid Harrier, Greater and Lesser Flamingos,
Darters, and the star attraction of Chambal Safari Lodge, the resident Brown
Hawk Owl, all add up to an impressive list of birds.
Day 18 Jhansi - Orcha
Transfer to railway station to board a train for Jhansi. On arrival, assistance
and later drive to Orchaa which boasts of its palaces and temples built by its
Bundela rulers in the 16th and 17th century. Jahangir Mahal, a tiered palace
crowned by graceful chhatris has a spectacular view of soaring temple spires
and cenotaphs. Orchha rises out of the hills and the greens surrounding it.
The historical monuments of Orchha still retain their pristine charm and narrate
stories of war and peace, of love and destruction.
The word Orchha means 'hidden'. Situated on banks of the river Betwa, it used
to be the capital of the region (Bundelkhand) but now is a small village. The
palaces are of impressive size and there are pleasant views of the countryside
from their upper levels. Orchha was founded in the 16th century by the Bundela
Rajput chieftain Rudra Pratap who chose this stretch of land along the Betwa
river as an ideal site for his capital. Of the succeeding rulers, the most notable
was Raja Bir Singh Ju Deo who built the exquisite Jehangir Mahal, a tiered palace
crowned by graceful chhatries. From here the view of soaring temple spires and
cenotaphs is spectacular. Orchha is abandoned now but not forgotten. Complementing
the noble proportions of their exteriors and interiors which represent the finest
flowering of the Bundela school of painting.
Karera Bird Sanctuary
Temples of Orchha : Orchha also has a series of magnificent
temples, dating back to the 17th century. They are still in use today and visited
regularly by thousands of devotees. The soaring spires of Ram Raja Temple and
the well-preserved murals of the Lakshmi Naraya Temple are especially worth
a visit. 14 beautiful Chhattris (cenotaphs) or memorials are lined up on the
Kanchana Glut of the river Betwa.
Phool Bagh : The walled Phool Bagh or Flower Gardens is a cool
summer retreat. A sight you must not miss
Day 19 Orcha - Khajuraho
Early morning visit Karera Bird Sanctuary. After breakfast drive to Khajuraho
covering a distance of 178 kms ( 04 hrs ). Check in at hotel. Discovered by
chance, India's second biggest single tourist attraction, Khajuraho has the
largest group of medieval temples that are adorned with numerous sculptures
of extraordinary grace and delicacy celebrating the stylized and refined courtly
accomplishments of beauty, love and creative arts. Once the religious capital
of the Chandela Rajputs, the temples of the city date from 950-1050 AD. A wall
with eight gates encloses the entire area and two golden palm trees flank each
of them. Originally, there were over 80 temples, of which only 22 now can be
said remarkably preserved. The set of temples at Khajuraho celebrating Hindu
religious thought in its mystifying variety of scope and inclusion stands distinguished
from rest of the Hindu temples. The temples highlight the existential ethos
in religion that venerates 'Yoga' and 'Bhoga'. 'Yoga' is union of the self with
the Almighty, while 'Bhoga' is the path to God through physical pleasure. The
temples at Khajuraho, dedicated to physical love and pleasure are a testimony
to this philosophy. Declared a World Heritage Site in 1986, Khajuraho is a prominent,
must-see destination and its temples are India's unique gift to the world as
they capture life in every form and mood in stone.
Temples of Khajuraho
Conforming to the central Indian style of temple architecture, the temples of
Khajuraho are adorned with explicit erotic sculptures with utmost architectural
harmony and beauty. Built within a 200-year span, the temples plan, from the
simplest to the most inspiring, follow the same pattern and all of them are
ornately carved. The temples of Khajuraho are divided into three groups - the
Western group, the Eastern group, and the Southern group. The largest and most
easily accessible is the Western group.
1. The Eastern Group, which encompasses five detached sub-groups in and around
the present village of Khajuraho. It includes three Brahmanical temples known
as Brahma, Vamana and Javari and three Jain temples, the Ghantai, Adinath and
Parsvanath.
2. The Southern Group, which is the most distant and has two main monuments
near and across the Khudarnala, namely, the Duladeo and the Chaturbhuja temples.
3. The Western Group, which is the largest, compact and centrally located group
in Khajuraho, includes some of the most prominent monuments, built by the Chandela
rulers. The Lakshmana Temple, the Matangesvara Temple and the Varaha Temple
form one complex and the Visvanatha and Nandi temples are not far from this
complex. The Chitragupta, Jagadambi and the Kandariya Mahadeva temples are about
a furlong to their west. The western group of monuments is best maintained by
the Archaeological Survey of India and is set amidst green lawns, colorful shrubs
and flowerbeds.
In the evening go for the Son et Lumiere show at the temples. Simply mesmerizing
a must for the person seeking peace in body mind and soul. Overnight hotel in
Khajuraho.
Day 20 to 23 In Bandhavgarh
Morning : visit the Eastern and Southern group of temples. The Parsvanath temple
of the Eastern group is the group - s largest Jain temple. The themes depict,
in charming detail, everyday activity. Also visit the Duladeo temple dedicated
to Shiva and the Chaturbhuj temple of the Southern group.
Afternoon We drive from the historic monuments of Khajurho to the wilderness
of The Bandhavgarh national park (210 kms)
Bandhavgarh is a new National Park with a very long history. Set among the Vindhya
hills of Madhya Pradesh with an area of 168sq miles (437sq kms) it contains
a wide variety of habitats and a high density of game, including a large number
of Tigers. This is also the White tiger country. These have been found in the
old state of Rewa for many years. The last known was captured by Maharaja Martand
Singh in 1951. This white Tiger, Mohun is now stuffed and on display in the
Palace of Maharaja of Rewa.
Prior to becoming a National Park, the forests around Bandhavgarh had long been
maintained as a Shikargarh, or game preserve of the Maharaja of Rewa. The Maharaja
and his guests carried out hunting - otherwise the wildlife was well protected.
It was considered a good omen for Maharaja of Rewa to shoot 109 tigers. His
Highness Maharaja Venkat Raman Singh shot 111 Tigers by 1914.
HISTORY
Bandhavgarh has been a center of human activity and settlement for over 2000
years, and there are references to it in the ancient books, the Narad-Panch
Ratra and the Shiva Purana. Legend has it that Lord Rama, hero of the Hindu
epic, the Ramayana, stopped at Bandhavgarh on his way back to his homeland after
defeating the demon King Ravana of Lanka. Two monkey architects, who had engineered
a bridge between the isles of Lanka and the mainland, are said to have built
Bandhavgarh's fort. Later Rama handed it over to his brother Lakshmana who became
known as Bandhavdhish "The Lord of the Fort". Lakshmana is the particular
God of the fort and is regularly worshipped in a temple there. The oldest sign
of habitation in the park are caves dug into the sandstone to the north of the
fort. Several contain Brahmi inscriptions dating from the 1st century B.C. Various
dynasties have ruled the fort, for example, the Maghas from the 1st century
A.D., the Vakatakas from the 3rd century A.D., From that time onwards Bandhavgarh
was ruled by a succession of dynasties including the Chandela Kings of Bundelkhand
who built the famous temples at Khajuraho. The Baghel Kings, the direct ancestors
of the present Royal family of Rewa, established their dynasty at Bandhavgarh
in the 12th century. It remained their capital till 1617 when the center of
court life moved to Rewa, 75 miles (120Kms) to the north. Without royal patronage
Bandhavgarh became more and more deserted until forest overran the area band
it became the royal hunting reserve. This helped to preserve the forest and
its wildlife, although the Maharajas made full use of their rights. Each set
out to kill the auspicious number of 109 Tigers.
At independence Bandhavgarh remained the private property of the Maharaja until
he gave it to the state for the formation of the National Park in 1968. After
the park was created poaching was brought under control and the number of animals
rose dramatically. Small dams and water holes were built to solve the problem
of water shortage. Grazing by local cattle was stopped and the village within
the park boundaries was relocated. The Tigers in particular prospered and the
1986 extension provided much needed forest to accommodate them.
THE FORT
The fort still belongs to the Maharaja of Rewa and permission is required
to visit it. However permission is available locally and no trip to Bandhavgarh
is complete without making an effort to climb up the fort.
There are two ways up on the plateau, a jeep track and a footpath-both steep.
It is far easier to see the fort by the jeep but much more rewarding to make
the journey on foot. There is a convenient place to park vehicles on the southern
side of the fort in the lush jungle which surrounds its base. This point is
known as Shesh Saaiya, named after a unique 35 foot (11 meters) long statue
of reclining Vishnu carved around the 10th century, from whose feet the Charanganga
is said to flow. A rectangular pool of spring water lies just beneath the statue
and the path to the main gate of the fort. On the other side of this imposing
gateway lie 560 acres (227 hectares) of grassland, over which are scattered
turtle-filled tanks and the many remains of the human inhabitants of the fort-
from ancient statues to the barracks occupied by Rewa's troops upto independence.
At a brisk pace the walk from the Shesh Saaiya to the southern side of the fort
need only take an hour, but if you stop to see the statues and temples on the
way it can easily take much longer. As you follow the path southwards, the most
remarkable sights are the 10th century rock images of the incarnations of Vishnu.
A statue of Narsimhan ( half man half lion) towers almost 22 feet above the
grass. There is a carving of Barah Bhagwan (the boar incarnation), and a small
temple enshrining a large image of Vishnu in his fish avtaar. The tortoise incarnation
stands unenclosed and flanked by later carvings of Ganesh, the elephant God,
and other deities. The charm of this walk lies in discovering these monuments
in the jungle, unspoilt and unexploited. Some of the statues lie off the main
path and so it is best to take a guide. Apart from the avatars, well worth seeing
are three small temples of around the 12th century. These temples are deserted
but the fort is still used as a place of worship. Kabir Das, the celebrated
16th century saint, once lived and preached here.
The natural ramparts of the fort give breathtaking view of the surrounding countryside.
Vultures wheel around the precipice, which also attracts blue rock thrushes
and crag martins. The fort has a small population of Blackbuck, which have been
reintroduced and to some extent protected from Tigers in the park below by repairs
to the masonry walls at the edges of the fort.
Thus Bandhavgarh offers excellent game and bird viewing and a historical interest
which most other parks lack.
GEOGRAPHY FLORA & FAUNA
There are 32 hills in this part of the park, which has a large natural fort
at its center. The fort's cliffs are 2625 feet (800 meters) high, 1000 feet
(300 meters) above the surrounding countryside. Over half the area is covered
by Sal forest although on the upper slope it is replaced by mixed forest of
sal, saj, dhobin, and saja. Winter temperatures (Nov-mid-February) vary from
almost freezing at night to around 68 degree Fahrenheit in the daytime. Summer
nights are also cooler than the daytime temperature, which rises to 104 degree
Fahrenheit. This park is closed during the breeding season, which coincides
with the monsoon (July-October). Rainfall in the park averages 50 inches (120cm)
per year.
WITHIN THE PARK
Bandhavgarh is justifiably famous for its Tigers, but it has a wide range of
other game. The undergrowth is not as dense as in some northern terai forests,
but the best time to see the park inhabitants is still the summer months when
water becomes more scarce and the undergrowth dies back.
The most effective way to search for Tigers is on elephant back. It's advisable
to book your elephant in advance and to wear plenty of warm clothings if going
for an early morning ride in winter. The mahouts are kept well informed of the
whereabouts of the nearest Tigers. However there are many tigers in the park
and the elephants are able to take you up steep, rocky hillsides and down marshy
riverbeds, which are impassable to vehicles.
There are several good weather roads in the park. A forest guide must accompany
all visitors into the park. Entry in to the park is allowed only during daylight
hours. For both elephants and jeep rides the hours immediately after dawn and
before sunset are best.
Chinkara, still rather shy, can be sighted on the grassland areas of the park,particularly
on the formerly cultivated land in the southern extension area, on the edges
of the main viewing area. Also to be seen in the grasslands are nilgai, chausingha,
and sounders of wild boar, as well as the occasional jackal or fox. Muntjac
and sambhar prefer denser vegetation. The main prey animal, however for the
Tigers and the park's rarely sighted leopards are the chital, which now number
a few thousand.
There are two types of monkeys common in the park, the rhesus macaque and the
black-faced langur. Drives can also reveal jungle cats, hyenas, porcupines,
ratels, and a variety of other mammals. Bandhavgarh attracts many migratory
birds in the winter months, including the birds of prey like the steppe eagle
and a variety of wildfowl.
If the early morning Safari is a thriller then the late afternoon rendezvous
to get another glimpse of the Tiger, and watch the shadows grow taller as dusk
approaches and the cacophony of birds grows louder in the trees, is not to be
missed experience.
The nights in Bandhavgarh are an enigma- the twigs of the bonfire crackling
in the resort lawn, combined with the calling of the jackal, the silhouettes
of the trees against a starlit sky and perhaps, a distant rumbling roar deep
in the heart of the forest.
Day 24to 26 Bandhavgarh National Park - Kanha National Park
Early morning drive by car to Kanha National Park (325 kilometres, approximately
6 hours driving time). On arrival check in to Lodge for three nights. Breakfast,
Lunch and Dinner at the Lodge. Game drives are organized by The Park both in
the early mornings and late afternoons by open jeeps and will be accompanied
by a trained naturalist. Once the tiger is spotted anywhere in the jungle, through
radio contact with the drivers, visitors will be driven to the location and
then taken by elephant back to the actual site to see the tiger. This is an
excellent arrangement and is very exciting. The park is closed between July
01 and October 31 owing to the monsoons. Morning and afternoon proceed on a
game drive to the sanctuary. Overnight in Kanha.
Kanha is one of India - s largest national park and Asia's finest park.
India - s one of the most successful conservation efforts of saving the
Barasingha (Swamp Deer) was done here.
Kipling Country
In Madhya Pradesh, one can see the forests immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in
his Jungle Book - the home of Balu, Bagheera and Mowgli. Two National Parks
here, preserve pockets of what were once splendid forests that extended across
Central India.
Kanha National Park
Kanha is one of India - s largest national park and Asia's finest park.
India - s one of the most successful conservation efforts of saving the
Barasingha (Swamp Deer) was done here.
THE SUN IS just up, and Kanha Meadow shimmers. It is November. Only a few days
ago, the park has reopened to the public after four months of rest. The monsoon
has rejuvenated all nature. At the start of a new season, Kanha is once again
a meeting place, an intersection of wildlife and humankind. The rains have renewed
Kanha, and Kanha will now nourish and renew her guests. A gentle, silvery mist
still wraps the great vista of the Meadow in its folds. A small party of chital
saunters daintily across the road and ambles toward Partak Nallah. Last to cross
is a majestic stag. Emerging from the long grass, he stands stock still for
a moment, carving a silhouette against grasslands and trees, low hills and horizon
and ghostlike sun. He offers an invitation.
Geography & Climate
Kanha National Park (which is now officially known as Kanha Tiger Reserve)
is located in the Maikal range, the eastern sector of the Satpura Hills of the
Central Indian Highlands. The park lies 160 km (100 miles) southeast of Jabalpur
in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Kanha is 270 kIn (170 miles) northeast of the
city of Nagpur (Maharashtra), which currently furnishes the nearest air link
to the park (direct flights from Mumbai, Delhi, and Hyderabad, with connections
to other cities). The exact geographical coordinates of Kanha are as follows.
Latitude: 22 - 7' to 22 - 27'N; longitude: 80 - 26' to 81 -
3'E.
KANHA: PORTRAIT OF AN INDIAN NATIONAL PARK
The name Kanha itself may be derived from kanhar, the local term for the clayey
soil in the valley bottoms, or from Kanva, a holy man who once lived there in
a forest village. Two river valleys are prominent features of the park's topography:
the Banjar in the west and the Halon in the east. Both these rivers are tributaries
of the Narmada, which flows through the district headquarters town of Mandla,
64 km (40 miles) to the northwest of the park's western entrance. Kanha's valleys
are enclosed by hills topped with plateaux, locally called dadar.
Four principal vegetation types have been identified in Kanha: moist deciduous
forest, dry deciduous forest, valley meadow, and plateau meadow. The main species
in moist deciduous areas (27% of the park area) is the sal tree (Shorea robusta).
Park headquarters, located at Kanha Village in the park's western block, lies
at about 600 m (1,900 ft.) above sea level. The plateau at Bamhni Dadar rises
to 870 m, or about 2,900 ft. The park is shaped roughly like a figure "8"
on its side (see map facing page 16), with a length from west to east of approximately
80 km and a width ranging from 8 to 35 km.
The park consists of a core area of 940 km2, which is surrounded by a buffer
zone of 1,005 km2, thus comprising a total area of 1,945 km2. The core area
of the park and most of the buffer zone are located in two districts: Mandla
to the west and Balaghat to the east. In addition, a small section of the buffer
zone in the southeastern sector is part of Rajnandgaon District. There are nearly
150 villages in the buffer zone and over 260 villages within a radius of 10
km.
For management purposes, the park is divided into 5 ranges: Kisli, Kanha, and
Mukki in the western block, and Bhaisanghat and Supkhar in the eastern sector.
These latter two ranges are closed off entirely to the public. Within Kisli,
Kanha, and Mukki ranges, certain roads and areas are also closed to tourists.
As of this writing (mid-1998), the percentage of the park's core area open to
visitors (227 km2) is about 25%. The park is served by an extensive network
(a little over 700 km) of generally well-maintained roads.
Day 27 Kanha - Jabalpur - New Delhi
Morning Jeep Safari in the park. Afternoon drive to Jabalpur to board a overnight
train to Delhi.
Day 28 Arrive New Delhi
Met upon arrival and transferred to your hotel. After Dinner, transfer to the
international airport to board the flight back home
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